The Bachelor LL.B. can deviate from this structure. Depending on the university, the curriculum includes only legal subjects[34] or may include humanities subjects to prepare graduates for a “broad” legal education. [33] Some bachelor`s degree programs do not offer electives. Credits in English and Afrikaans are also often included. [34] With Latin, these were, but are no longer, “subjects prescribed by law”[35], and these were generally entry requirements for the LL.B. after being studied as bachelor`s degree modules. Similarly, Roman law was once a pre-course, while it is now offered as elective courses in both the position and bachelor`s degrees. Due to Canada`s dual legal system, some law schools offer joint or dual degrees in common law and civil law: McGill University, Université de Montréal, Université de Sherbrooke and University of Ottawa. The law degree offered by McGill University is a mandatory joint degree in common law LL.B. / droit civil du Québec B.C.L. The program has a duration of four years. Admission to this program is a first-entry program for Quebec students (since a college diploma is required), while for students from other provinces, it is a second-entry program (since two years of university studies are required – in fact an additional year of study more than for a college diploma).
The University of Ottawa offers its own degree in Civil Law (LL.L.). The “LL.” of the abbreviation of the degree comes from the genitive plural legum (de lex, legis f., law), so “LL.B.” in Latin means Legum Baccalaureus. As a result of the Bologna Process, many universities of applied sciences and some traditional universities in Germany have recently introduced LL.B. programs that replace the degree in business law. The LL.B. is a three- or four-year full-time law degree. Unlike the study courses that lead to the state exam – the Master in Professional Law in Germany – most LL.B. courses focus on private law and may have a component of business education. Graduates of LL.B. degree programs may continue the LL.M. program and, in some cases, take the first state exam after one or more additional years of law study in order to qualify for the practice of law in Germany.
The United States no longer offers the LL.B., although some universities have introduced Bachelor of Laws degrees with programs that include courses in constitutional law, tort law, and criminal law. The Master of Science of Laws (M.S.L.) is also offered at select universities accredited by the American Bar Association. While the LL.B. was awarded at Yale University until 1971, since then, all universities in the United States have received the J.D. Professional Doctorate [49][50], which then became a generally standardized degree in most states as a mandatory requirement for the bar exam before the practice of law. [51] Many law schools changed their undergraduate law programs from LL.B. to J.D. in the 1960s, allowing former LL.B. graduates to receive the new doctoral degrees retroactively by returning their LL.B. in exchange for a JD degree. [52] [53] Yale graduates who received LL.B. degrees before 1971 were also allowed to change their degree to J.D., although many did not take advantage of the option and chose to retain their LL.B.
degrees.[50] This degree originated in England and is traditionally offered as a primary legal degree in most common law countries. In the United States, the J.D. (Juris Doctor), and many common law countries have or are in the process of phasing out their LL.B. degrees in favor of the JD. A number of Canadian law schools offer students the opportunity to pursue in addition to their first three-year degrees in common law Common Law programs for holders of Bachelors of Civil Law in Quebec, which allow these individuals to obtain the Bachelor of Laws in Common Law in two or three semesters, according to the program of the university offering. Similarly, in addition to its three-year LL.L. program in Quebec Civil Law, the University of Ottawa offers a one-year LL.L. program in Quebec Civil Law for holders of an LL.B. or JD in Common Law from a Canadian law school. The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LL.B., LLB or rarely, Ll.B.) is a Bachelor of Laws degree that is usually offered after three or more years of university and then three years of law school.
Most institutions around the world offer LL.B. programs as standard legal education, although law schools in the United States are phasing them out in favor of young women`s programs. A JD is considered superior to a master`s degree, but inferior to a doctorate. University College Cork and the University of Limerick offer outstanding non-legal graduates a two-year postgraduate Bachelor of Laws. These courses are approved by King`s Inns. The four universities under the aegis of the National University of Ireland (NUI) award the Bachelor of Civil Law (B.C.L.). These are University College Cork, University College Dublin, NUI Maynooth and NUIG. Four Irish universities and two Northern Irish universities (the University of Dublin; NUIG; Queen`s University Belfast; the University of Limerick; The National University of Ireland, Maynooth[42] and the University of Ulster) award an LL.B. NUIG, LL.B. offer as a 1-year postgraduate course for holders of the B.Corp. (Bachelor of Corporate Law) or B.A. Law Degrees.
The program is generally structured around pre, core, and advanced courses,[33] and most universities also offer elective courses. Preliminary courses familiarize students with the fundamental context and principles of the South African legal system, as well as with legal thought and analysis in general. The basic subjects are those that are regularly necessary for the practice of law. [31] In-depth courses include (as a rule) a more in-depth study of these core subjects, if necessary a deepening and/or broadening of the student`s knowledge. Elective courses – often from these in-depth courses, among others – allow students to specialize to some extent in a particular area of law by choosing from a range of elective courses. Some universities also require students to take an experiential course (“Practical Legal Studies”/”Law Clinic”); A credit that exclusively includes independent research is often offered as an elective course and is a degree requirement at some universities. [Citation needed] Pakistan is a common law country and to become a lawyer in Pakistan one needs a law degree, usually called LL.B. a Pakistani or foreign university in a common law country recognized by the Pakistan Bar Council. [23] Lawyers in Pakistan are called lawyers. A lawyer must be a member of one of the provincial bar councils, i.e. Punjab Bar Council, Sindh Bar Council, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Bar Council, Balochistan Bar Council or Islamabad Bar Council.
Therefore, the pursuit of the double degree nowadays, at least for young people leaving school, is mainly aimed at indicating that one can be well versed in two disciplines.
